China’s Supreme People’s Court has issued Opinions on Lawfully Adjudicating Cases Involving Artificial Intelligence Disputes. The document connects the application of existing legal rules with the technical characteristics of AI, providing guidance on responsibility, infringement and the assessment of evidence.
A central focus is fault-based liability, assessed through factors including the application scenario, degree of autonomy, technical transparency, potential risks, preventive measures and the user’s ability to foresee harm. The Opinions also address notice-and-takedown mechanisms for generative AI providers and the documentation supporting the lawful use of training data.
For healthcare, life-sciences and international businesses, the guidance strengthens the importance of traceable development and deployment practices. Records of data sources, model training, system operation and preventive measures can play a decisive role in demonstrating responsible conduct and substantiating a company’s position in AI-related disputes.